Nadirova Shahzoda - Distinctive Features of Stylistics
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Distinctive Features of Stylistics
ANNOTATION
This article analyzes the distinctive features of stylistics. Stylistics was initially formed as a field at the intersection of linguistics and literary studies. The contemporary development of stylistics naturally gives rise to an interest in studying its historical formation.
Keywords: stylistics, rhetoric, functionalism, genesis, R. Jakobson
Introduction
Language is a social phenomenon which serves not only as a means of communication, but also as a complex system that enables the expression of thought in an aesthetic, emotional, and expressive manner. The branch of linguistics that studies how, for what purpose, and under what conditions language units are used in speech is called stylistics. Stylistics investigates the expressive potential of language, stylistic layers, and the process of selection in speech.
In stylistics, semantic and expressive nuances in parallel synonymous language expressions, as well as relational variants of linguistic units, are examined. Such variants provide the possibility of selecting the most appropriate form required for a specific speech situation.
The Principle of Choice and Variability
Stylistics is considered the science of choice. There are several variants available to express a single idea, and the speaker selects the one that best corresponds to their communicative intention, for example:
He came.
He paid a visit.
He arrived.
This choice is determined by stylistic purpose.
Relation to Other Branches of Linguistics
Stylistics is closely connected with the following linguistic disciplines:
lexicology;
grammar;
semantics;
pragmatics;
text linguistics.
In particular, text stylistics is regarded as one of the most important directions in modern linguistics.
Theoretical and Practical Significance
The practical significance of stylistics is manifested in:
improving speech culture;
selecting words accurately and appropriately;
creating expressive and effective texts;
enhancing the quality of translation.
Modern stylistics has been interpreted differently within various linguistic approaches and schools. Nevertheless, each perspective has its own objective foundation due to the multifaceted nature of style, which constitutes the primary object of stylistic study.
Stylistics is closely connected with language norms. Accordingly, it is divided into several branches, such as functional stylistics, stylistics of linguistic units, text stylistics, and historical stylistics.
Interstyle Differentiation
Stylistics studies the functional styles of language (scientific, official-administrative, publicistic, colloquial, and artistic). Each style is characterized by:
specific lexical units;
particular syntactic structures;
distinctive speech norms.
From this perspective, stylistics also addresses the issue of norm and deviation, determining in which cases deviation constitutes a stylistic error and in which cases it functions as an artistic device.
Unity of Normativity and Aesthetic Value
An important feature of stylistics is the harmony between language norms and aesthetic purpose. Speech must be grammatically correct as well as stylistically appropriate. This feature is especially evident in artistic and publicistic texts.
Interdisciplinary Character
Modern stylistics is developing in close interaction with:
pragmatics;
psycholinguistics;
sociolinguistics;
text linguistics.
This demonstrates that stylistics is a multifaceted and dynamic field of linguistic study.
Conclusion
In conclusion, stylistics studies language units not merely as elements of a system, but within the framework of live speech, considering purpose, situation, and communicative impact. Its distinctive features—functionality, expressiveness, interstyle differentiation, and the unity of normativity and aesthetic value—make stylistics one of the most important and practically significant branches of linguistics.
Nadirova Shahzoda , Uzbekistan
